Ultrafast electrooptic dual-comb interferometry

The femtosecond laser frequency comb has enabled the 21st century revolution in optical synthesis and metrology. A particularly compelling technique that relies on the broadband coherence of two laser frequency combs is dual-comb interferometry. This method is rapidly advancing the field of optical spectroscopy and empowering new applications, from nonlinear microscopy to laser ranging. Up to now, most dual-comb interferometers were based on modelocked lasers, whose repetition rates have restricted the measurement speed to ~ kHz. Here we demonstrate a novel dual-comb interferometer that is based on electrooptic frequency comb technology and measures consecutive complex spectra at a record-high refresh rate of 25 MHz. These results pave the way for novel scientific and metrology applications of frequency comb generators beyond the realm of molecular spectroscopy, where the measurement of ultrabroadband waveforms is of paramount relevance

Electro-optic dual-comb interferometry over 40-nm bandwidth

Dual-comb interferometry is a measurement technique that uses two laser frequency combs to retrieve complex spectra in a line-by-line basis. This technique can be implemented with electro-optic frequency combs, offering intrinsic mutual coherence, high acquisition speed and flexible repetition-rate operation. A challenge with the operation of this kind of frequency comb in dual-comb interferometry is its limited optical bandwidth. Here, we use coherent spectral broadening and demonstrate electro-optic dual-comb interferometry over the entire telecommunications C band (200 lines covering ~ 40 nm, measured within 10 microseconds at 100 signal-to-noise ratio per spectral line). These results offer new prospects for electro-optic dual-comb interferometry as a suitable technology for high-speed broadband metrology, for example in optical coherence tomography or coherent Raman microscopy

Worldwide Workshop on Youth Involvement as a Strategy for Social, Economic and Democratic Development

Summarizes January 2000 discussions on building capacity in the field of youth service. Explores connections with social capital, economic productivity, adolescent development, marginalized youth, civic engagement, and policy. Includes country summaries

Analytical evaluation of two automatic methods to measure blood CK-MB mass and troponin I

The lack of standardization of methods to measure cardiac markers for coronaria ischaemia, particularly troponin, led us to perform an analytical evaluation of two new immunoassays to quantify CK-MB mass and troponin I using the Dimension R×L automatic analyser. The reliability and analytical intervals of the methods were studied as well as reference values (0.010— 0.228 μg l-1 for troponin I, 0.20—3.90 mg μg l-1 for CK-MB mass) and cuto¡ values (0.77 μg l-1 for troponin I, 5 μg l-1 for CK-MB mass) established. The cutoff values were established from 37 patients with acute myocardial infarction and from 20 with unstable angina. The absence of method cross-reactivity was corroborated using myocardial, brain and skeletal muscle tissue. Both methods were highly specific and showed good reliability and practicability in the diagnosis of coronaria ischaemia after 6 h of precordial pain

Single-pixel digital "ghost" holography

Since its discovery, the "ghost" diffraction phenomenon has emerged as a non-conventional technique for optical imaging with very promising advantages. However, extracting intensity and phase information of a structured and realistic object remains a challenge. Here, we show that a "ghost" hologram can be recorded with a single-pixel configuration by adapting concepts from standard digital holography. The presented homodyne scheme enables phase imaging with nanometric depth resolution, three-dimensional focusing ability, and shows high signal-to-noise ratio

Patrones de consumo de banano en el mercado guayaquileño

This paper aims to establish patterns of behavior in banana consumption of Guayaquil, a survey was conducted to 384 people in a population of 2, 350.915 inhabitants of the city Guayaquil at the last census of 2010 INEC, 201 males and 183 women of different ages and socio-economic level. The sample was obtained with an estimation error of 5% and 95% confidence, 50% of success. Different variables banana consumption (weekly consumption units, place of purchase, preferably Rankin, purchase frequency) and demographic variables (age, gender, purchase motivation, socioeconomic status) were analyzed. Key findings indicate that 77.34% of the sample did not know the nutritional benefits of bananas and that 68% of the sample purchase bananas from personal taste and preferably in the truck. Guayaquileans have changed their pattern of consumption of fruit, prefer imported to national.El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo establecer los patrones de comportamiento en el consumo de banano de los guayaquileños. Se realizó una encuesta en enero de 2015, a 384 personas de una población de 2, 350,915 habitantes de la ciudad Guayaquil, según el último censo de 2010 del INEC. De ellos 201 eran varones y 183 mujeres, de diferentes edades y nivel socio-económico. La muestra se obtuvo con un error de estimación de 5% y 95% de confiabilidad. Se analizaron diferentes variables de consumo de banano (unidades de consumo semanales, lugar de compra, Rankin de preferencia, frecuencia de compra) y variables demográficas (edad, genero, motivación de compra, nivel socio-económico). Las principales conclusiones indican que el 77.34% de la muestra, no conoce las bondades alimenticias del banano, el 68% de la muestra compra banano por gusto personal, preferentemente en las carretillas. Se concluye que los guayaquileños prefieren las frutas importadas a las nacionales

Betoneira para encapsulamento na qualidade de sementes de algodão

Objetivou-se estudar a qualidade fisiológica de sementes de algodão quando submetidas à encapsulação em betoneiras de diferentes capacidades de processamento. Foram avaliadas três betoneiras para a encapsulação: pequena, média, e grande, com capacidade de 10; 20 e 40 litros, respectivamente. A betoneira pequena recebeu sementes deslintadas + tratadas para serem submetidas ao processo de encapsulação com o produto coating e acabamento (metil-celulose). Em seguida, essas sementes encapsuladas foram classificadas em três tipos de massas de sementes (classe 1, 2 e 3). A betoneira média recebeu sementes deslintadas + tratadas para serem submetidas ao processo de encapsulação com o produto finishing, sendo posteriormente classificadas em peneiras retangulares de diferentes tamanhos (5 mm, 5,5 mm e 6 mm). A betoneira grande recebeu sementes deslintadas + tratadas para serem submetidas ao processo de encapsulação (coating e finishing) com e sem corante, além de uma testemunha não encapsulada. Foi adotado o delineamento inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições. Foram analisadas as variáveis percentagem de germinação, comprimento de plântulas e massa de 100 sementes. Observou-se que o encapsulamento não ocasiona alteração na qualidade fisiológica das sementes e o recobrimento aumenta a massa das semente

Qualidade de sementes de algodâo submetidas aos procesos de encapsulamento com e sem corante

Objetivou-se estudar a qualidade fisiológica de sementes de algodão quando submetidas aos processos de encapsulamento com e sem corante em comparação com as sementes apenas tratadas com fungicidas (carboxin e thiran 200 Sc) e inseticida (pirimiphos methyl) - testemunha. A betoneira grande (capacidade de 40 L) recebeu sementes deslintadas + tratadas para serem submetidas ao processo de encapsulação (coating e finishing) com e sem corante, além de uma testemunha não encapsulada, estabelecendo-se os seguintes tratamentos: 1- sementes deslintadas e tratadas com fungicidas (carboxin e thiran 200 Sc) e inseticidas (pirimiphos methyl) (testemunha); 2- sementes deslintadas, tratadas e encapsuladas (coating e finishing) sem corante; e 3- sementes deslintadas, tratadas e encapsuladas com corante. Foi adotado o delineamento inteiramente casualizado com três tratamentos e quatro repetições. As variáveis analisadas foram percentagem de germinação, comprimento de plântulas e massa de 100 sementes. Observou-se que o processo de recobrimento de sementes de algodão deslintadas, tratadas com fungicidas e inseticida e encapsuladas não ocasiona redução na qualidade fisiológica das sementes, e o uso de corante em sementes encapsuladas não altera a sua qualidade